Environment

Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources (%)

Name: Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources (%) by country, 2023
Creator: United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global Database
License: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/

· higher is better · 180 countries

Year

United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global DatabaseUN Terms of Use — non-commercial (SDG Global Database); redistribution deferred pending clearanceupdated 2023

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180 countries · 2023

180 of 180

Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources (%) league table
#	Country		Region	Income
1	Kuwait	3,850.5	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
2	United Arab Emirates	1,437.3	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
3	Saudi Arabia	974.2	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
4	Libya	817.1	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
5	Qatar	431	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
6	Yemen, Rep.	281.5	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income
7	Bahrain	152.5	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
8	Algeria	144.8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
9	Turkmenistan	135.2	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
10	Syrian Arab Republic	124.4	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income
11	Uzbekistan	123	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
12	Israel	119.6	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
13	Sudan	118.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
14	Oman	116.7	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
15	Egypt, Arab Rep.	112.9	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
16	Jordan	105.2	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
17	Pakistan	98.1	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
18	Tunisia	97.1	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
19	Sri Lanka	90.8	South Asia	Upper middle income
20	Barbados	87.5	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
21	Korea, Rep.	85.2	East Asia & Pacific	High income
22	Iran, Islamic Rep.	80.4	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
23	Eswatini	77.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
24	Tajikistan	69.9	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
25	Iraq	67.8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
26	South Africa	67.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
27	North Macedonia	65.9	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
28	India	65.9	South Asia	Lower middle income
29	Armenia	62	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
30	Cabo Verde	59.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
31	Lebanon	58.8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
32	Azerbaijan	57.5	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
33	Afghanistan	54.8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income
34	Belgium	52.8	Europe & Central Asia	High income
35	Kyrgyz Republic	49.7	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
36	Turkiye	47.9	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
37	Zimbabwe	46.1	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
38	Malta	45.5	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
39	West Bank and Gaza	45.2	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
40	Mexico	45	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
41	Spain	43.3	Europe & Central Asia	High income
42	Mali	43	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
43	China	41.6	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
44	Dominican Republic	39.6	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
45	Bulgaria	38.8	Europe & Central Asia	High income
46	Japan	35.4	East Asia & Pacific	High income
47	Kazakhstan	33.6	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
48	Poland	32.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
49	Ethiopia	32.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
50	St. Kitts and Nevis	32	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
51	Germany	31.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
52	Cyprus	30.8	Europe & Central Asia	High income
53	Italy	29.8	Europe & Central Asia	High income
54	Nigeria	29.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
55	Indonesia	29.7	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
56	Timor-Leste	28.3	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
57	Philippines	27.9	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
58	Korea, Dem. People's Rep.	27.7	East Asia & Pacific	Low income
59	Denmark	26.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
60	Madagascar	25	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
61	United States	24.5	North America	High income
62	Somalia, Fed. Rep.	24.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
63	Mauritius	22.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
64	Cuba	22.2	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
65	Thailand	21.5	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
66	France	20.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
67	Czechia	20.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
68	Trinidad and Tobago	19.9	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
69	Puerto Rico (US)	19.5	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
70	Morocco	18.8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
71	Viet Nam	17.8	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
72	Greece	17.7	Europe & Central Asia	High income
73	Senegal	16.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
74	Netherlands	14.9	Europe & Central Asia	High income
75	United Kingdom	14.4	Europe & Central Asia	High income
76	St. Lucia	14.3	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
77	Haiti	13.4	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
78	Mauritania	13.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
79	Tanzania	13	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
80	El Salvador	12.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
81	Moldova	12.4	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
82	Jamaica	12.4	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
83	Portugal	12.3	Europe & Central Asia	High income
84	Andorra	11.9	Europe & Central Asia	High income
85	Uruguay	11.6	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
86	Kenya	11.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
87	Eritrea	11.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
88	Niger	11	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
89	Argentina	10.5	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
90	Burundi	10.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
91	Dominica	10	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
92	Maldives	9.6	South Asia	Upper middle income
93	Ireland	9.4	Europe & Central Asia	High income
94	Chile	9	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
95	Austria	8.7	Europe & Central Asia	High income
96	Zambia	8.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
97	Estonia	8.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
98	Nepal	8.3	South Asia	Lower middle income
99	New Zealand	8.1	East Asia & Pacific	High income
100	St. Vincent and the Grenadines	7.9	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
101	Hungary	7.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
102	Venezuela, RB	7.5	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
103	Romania	7.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
104	Ukraine	7.3	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
105	Finland	7.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
106	Grenada	7.1	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
107	Singapore	7	East Asia & Pacific	High income
108	Rwanda	6.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
109	Switzerland	6.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
110	Slovenia	6.4	Europe & Central Asia	High income
111	Djibouti	6.3	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
112	Costa Rica	5.9	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
113	Uganda	5.8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
114	Serbia	5.8	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
115	Myanmar	5.8	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
116	Guatemala	5.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
117	Bangladesh	5.7	South Asia	Lower middle income
118	Cote d'Ivoire	5.1	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
119	Mongolia	5	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
120	Albania	4.8	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
121	Lao PDR	4.8	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
122	Belarus	4.7	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
123	Honduras	4.6	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
124	Chad	4.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
125	Bermuda	4.2	North America	High income
126	South Sudan	4.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
127	Australia	4.2	East Asia & Pacific	High income
128	Georgia	4.2	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
129	Russian Federation	4.2	Europe & Central Asia	High income
130	Malawi	4.1	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
131	Luxembourg	4	Europe & Central Asia	High income
132	Suriname	4	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
133	Canada	3.7	North America	High income
134	Colombia	3.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
135	Peru	3.6	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
136	Sweden	3.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
137	Brunei Darussalam	3.5	East Asia & Pacific	High income
138	Malaysia	3.4	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
139	Togo	3.4	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
140	Antigua and Barbuda	3.2	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
141	Lesotho	2.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
142	Slovak Republic	2.4	Europe & Central Asia	High income
143	Botswana	2.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
144	Nicaragua	2.2	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
145	Gambia, The	2.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
146	Lithuania	2.2	Europe & Central Asia	High income
147	Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.1	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
148	Norway	2	Europe & Central Asia	High income
149	Sao Tome and Principe	1.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
150	Angola	1.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
151	Paraguay	1.8	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
152	Mozambique	1.8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
153	Croatia	1.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
154	Cameroon	1.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
155	Guinea-Bissau	1.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
156	Brazil	1.4	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
157	Bhutan	1.4	South Asia	Lower middle income
158	Guinea	1.4	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
159	Burkina Faso	1.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
160	Ecuador	1.1	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
161	Cambodia	1	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
162	Latvia	1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
163	Benin	0.98	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
164	Panama	0.9	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
165	Comoros	0.83	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
166	Fiji	0.55	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
167	Sierra Leone	0.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
168	Gabon	0.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
169	Ghana	0.48	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
170	Iceland	0.39	Europe & Central Asia	High income
171	Central African Republic	0.34	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
172	Namibia	0.31	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
173	Guyana	0.31	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
174	Liberia	0.26	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
175	Congo, Dem. Rep.	0.23	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
176	Bolivia	0.2	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
177	Equatorial Guinea	0.18	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
178	Papua New Guinea	0.13	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
179	Belize	0.12	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
180	Congo, Rep.	0.03	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income

Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources (%)