Economy

Scientific and technical journal articles

Name: Scientific and technical journal articles by country, 2023
Creator: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

· higher is better · 197 countries

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World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)CC BY 4.0updated 2023

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197 countries · 2023

197 of 197

Scientific and technical journal articles league table
#	Country		Region	Income
1	China	932,711.9	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
2	United States	430,843.3	North America	High income
3	India	228,174.3	South Asia	Lower middle income
4	Germany	108,782.3	Europe & Central Asia	High income
5	United Kingdom	97,536	Europe & Central Asia	High income
6	Japan	96,543.4	East Asia & Pacific	High income
7	Russian Federation	85,558.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
8	Italy	82,770.9	Europe & Central Asia	High income
9	Korea, Rep.	71,724.3	East Asia & Pacific	High income
10	Canada	63,719.9	North America	High income
11	France	62,180.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
12	Spain	60,303.8	Europe & Central Asia	High income
13	Brazil	58,292	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
14	Iran, Islamic Rep.	55,085.3	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
15	Australia	54,589.1	East Asia & Pacific	High income
16	Turkiye	50,180.5	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
17	Indonesia	38,992	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
18	Netherlands	32,207.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
19	Poland	31,218.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
20	Saudi Arabia	24,594.8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
21	Malaysia	23,690.9	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
22	Egypt, Arab Rep.	22,854.4	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
23	Switzerland	22,803.9	Europe & Central Asia	High income
24	Sweden	21,243.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
25	Pakistan	20,519.1	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
26	Mexico	18,981.9	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
27	Portugal	18,225.3	Europe & Central Asia	High income
28	Belgium	16,816.3	Europe & Central Asia	High income
29	Iraq	16,724.1	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
30	Thailand	16,656.2	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
31	Denmark	15,603.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
32	Ukraine	15,498.4	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
33	South Africa	14,949	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
34	Austria	13,845.8	Europe & Central Asia	High income
35	Israel	13,844.2	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
36	Norway	13,756.2	Europe & Central Asia	High income
37	Greece	13,551.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
38	Czechia	13,409.4	Europe & Central Asia	High income
39	Singapore	11,893.6	East Asia & Pacific	High income
40	Finland	11,224.2	Europe & Central Asia	High income
41	Romania	10,712.9	Europe & Central Asia	High income
42	Viet Nam	10,644.5	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
43	Nigeria	9,799.4	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
44	Morocco	9,724.8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
45	Colombia	9,183.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
46	Ireland	8,719.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
47	Argentina	8,589.4	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
48	Chile	8,573.4	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
49	Hungary	8,260.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
50	Bangladesh	8,259.4	South Asia	Lower middle income
51	New Zealand	8,096.2	East Asia & Pacific	High income
52	Algeria	7,676.5	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
53	United Arab Emirates	7,075.1	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
54	Ethiopia	6,727.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
55	Croatia	5,503.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
56	Tunisia	5,492.9	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
57	Jordan	5,419.2	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
58	Slovak Republic	5,332.2	Europe & Central Asia	High income
59	Peru	5,241.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
60	Serbia	5,173.1	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
61	Bulgaria	4,998.4	Europe & Central Asia	High income
62	Philippines	4,752.2	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
63	Uzbekistan	4,624.4	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
64	Kazakhstan	3,818.6	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
65	Slovenia	3,567.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
66	Ecuador	3,529.8	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
67	Ghana	3,269.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
68	Lithuania	2,673.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
69	Qatar	2,471.3	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
70	Sri Lanka	2,321.9	South Asia	Upper middle income
71	Lebanon	2,079.3	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
72	Kenya	2,078.8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
73	Cyprus	1,764.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
74	Estonia	1,753.6	Europe & Central Asia	High income
75	Latvia	1,736.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
76	Oman	1,640.3	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
77	Nepal	1,590.7	South Asia	Lower middle income
78	Cameroon	1,546.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
79	Azerbaijan	1,544.2	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
80	Tanzania	1,452.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
81	Belarus	1,429.4	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
82	Uganda	1,423.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
83	Kuwait	1,395	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
84	Cuba	1,216.6	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
85	Luxembourg	1,175.8	Europe & Central Asia	High income
86	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,082.6	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
87	Uruguay	1,059.8	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
88	West Bank and Gaza	861.7	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
89	Armenia	801.5	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
90	Bahrain	718.3	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
91	Iceland	716	Europe & Central Asia	High income
92	Costa Rica	660.8	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
93	Georgia	649.6	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
94	Syrian Arab Republic	645.9	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income
95	Puerto Rico (US)	604.6	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
96	Zimbabwe	519.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
97	Burkina Faso	519.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
98	Brunei Darussalam	501.5	East Asia & Pacific	High income
99	North Macedonia	499	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
100	Malta	497.8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
101	Kosovo	495.3	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
102	Senegal	489.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
103	Venezuela, RB	474.6	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
104	Sudan	470.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
105	Libya	443.1	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
106	Benin	437.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
107	Rwanda	433.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
108	Yemen, Rep.	404	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income
109	Cote d'Ivoire	391.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
110	Botswana	383.8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
111	Malawi	377.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
112	Zambia	367.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
113	Moldova	335.1	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
114	Kyrgyz Republic	326.9	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
115	Albania	319.5	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
116	Panama	282	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
117	Mongolia	276.9	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
118	Korea, Dem. People's Rep.	269.3	East Asia & Pacific	Low income
119	Montenegro	254.7	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
120	Paraguay	253.4	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
121	Trinidad and Tobago	245.6	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
122	Congo, Dem. Rep.	243.1	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
123	Myanmar	233.9	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
124	Namibia	231.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
125	Fiji	217.9	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
126	Mauritius	205.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
127	Mozambique	204.8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
128	Cambodia	200.8	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
129	Bolivia	196.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
130	Afghanistan	168.9	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income
131	Jamaica	161.4	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
132	Tajikistan	158.4	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
133	Madagascar	153.4	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
134	Somalia, Fed. Rep.	151.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
135	Togo	135.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
136	Honduras	130.4	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
137	Mali	116.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
138	Guatemala	108.8	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
139	Dominican Republic	104.5	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
140	Bhutan	102.5	South Asia	Lower middle income
141	Congo, Rep.	95.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
142	Gabon	90.6	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
143	Niger	90.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
144	Sierra Leone	86.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
145	Gambia, The	79.8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
146	Lao PDR	72.2	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
147	Papua New Guinea	69.8	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
148	El Salvador	64.6	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
149	Lesotho	60.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
150	Barbados	56.8	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
151	Guinea	54.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
152	Chad	52.4	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
153	Liechtenstein	51.2	Europe & Central Asia	High income
154	Angola	50.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
155	Guyana	49.6	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
156	Mauritania	46.8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
157	Grenada	42.5	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
158	Nicaragua	40.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
159	Greenland	38.4	Europe & Central Asia	High income
160	Haiti	37.8	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
161	Monaco	37.2	Europe & Central Asia	High income
162	Burundi	36.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
163	St. Kitts and Nevis	35.5	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
164	Maldives	31.7	South Asia	Upper middle income
165	Liberia	31.5	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
166	Turkmenistan	31.3	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
167	Eswatini	30.9	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
168	Eritrea	29.1	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
169	Suriname	26.3	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
170	Central African Republic	25.8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
171	Samoa	21.9	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
172	Timor-Leste	20.7	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
173	San Marino	20.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
174	Cabo Verde	18.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
175	Belize	18	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
176	Djibouti	17.5	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
177	South Sudan	17.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
178	Seychelles	15.2	Sub-Saharan Africa	High income
179	Bahamas, The	15	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
180	Solomon Islands	14.8	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
181	Guinea-Bissau	13.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
182	Antigua and Barbuda	13.4	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
183	Vanuatu	11.9	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
184	Andorra	11.1	Europe & Central Asia	High income
185	Comoros	8	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
186	Palau	5	East Asia & Pacific	High income
187	Tonga	4.9	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
188	Sao Tome and Principe	4.7	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
189	Micronesia, Fed. Sts.	3.7	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
190	Dominica	3.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
191	Equatorial Guinea	3.4	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
192	St. Vincent and the Grenadines	2.7	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
193	St. Lucia	2.5	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
194	Kiribati	2.1	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
195	Marshall Islands	0.92	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
196	Tuvalu	0.42	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
197	Naoero	0.13	East Asia & Pacific	High income

Scientific and technical journal articles