Governance

Legislative constraints on the executive index

Name: Legislative constraints on the executive index by country, 2025
Creator: Coppedge et al., V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v16 (Varieties of Democracy Project)
License: https://v-dem.net/about/terms-of-use/

0-1 index · higher is better · 176 countries

Year

Coppedge et al., V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v16 (Varieties of Democracy Project)V-Dem: 'All V-Dem data and graphs generated by the online tools are open source and free for anyone to use. You do not need to seek permission to use the data, but we kindly ask you to cite the data.' (codebook states 'All rights reserved'; no formal CC identifier)updated 2025

JSON CSV

170 countries · 2025

170 of 170

Legislative constraints on the executive index league table
#	Country	0-1 index	Region	Income
1	Sweden	0.99	Europe & Central Asia	High income
2	Norway	0.98	Europe & Central Asia	High income
3	Germany	0.98	Europe & Central Asia	High income
4	Denmark	0.98	Europe & Central Asia	High income
5	Chile	0.98	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
6	Finland	0.97	Europe & Central Asia	High income
7	Netherlands	0.96	Europe & Central Asia	High income
8	Switzerland	0.96	Europe & Central Asia	High income
9	Costa Rica	0.96	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
10	United Kingdom	0.95	Europe & Central Asia	High income
11	France	0.95	Europe & Central Asia	High income
12	Korea, Rep.	0.94	East Asia & Pacific	High income
13	Australia	0.94	East Asia & Pacific	High income
14	Brazil	0.93	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
15	Estonia	0.93	Europe & Central Asia	High income
16	Czechia	0.93	Europe & Central Asia	High income
17	Mauritius	0.93	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
18	Taiwan	0.92	East Asia & Pacific	High income
19	Malawi	0.92	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
20	Portugal	0.92	Europe & Central Asia	High income
21	Lithuania	0.92	Europe & Central Asia	High income
22	Uruguay	0.92	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
23	Poland	0.92	Europe & Central Asia	High income
24	Thailand	0.92	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
25	Italy	0.91	Europe & Central Asia	High income
26	Austria	0.9	Europe & Central Asia	High income
27	Japan	0.9	East Asia & Pacific	High income
28	Colombia	0.9	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
29	Bulgaria	0.9	Europe & Central Asia	High income
30	Belgium	0.89	Europe & Central Asia	High income
31	Ireland	0.89	Europe & Central Asia	High income
32	Guatemala	0.89	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
33	New Zealand	0.88	East Asia & Pacific	High income
34	Ghana	0.88	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
35	Israel	0.88	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
36	Croatia	0.87	Europe & Central Asia	High income
37	Slovenia	0.87	Europe & Central Asia	High income
38	Luxembourg	0.86	Europe & Central Asia	High income
39	Kenya	0.85	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
40	Trinidad and Tobago	0.85	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
41	Canada	0.85	North America	High income
42	South Africa	0.84	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
43	Spain	0.84	Europe & Central Asia	High income
44	Mongolia	0.84	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
45	Bhutan	0.83	South Asia	Lower middle income
46	Sao Tome and Principe	0.82	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
47	Latvia	0.82	Europe & Central Asia	High income
48	Seychelles	0.82	Sub-Saharan Africa	High income
49	Cyprus	0.82	Europe & Central Asia	High income
50	Panama	0.81	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
51	Cabo Verde	0.81	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
52	Argentina	0.8	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
53	Iceland	0.79	Europe & Central Asia	High income
54	Vanuatu	0.79	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
55	Papua New Guinea	0.79	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
56	Nepal	0.79	South Asia	Lower middle income
57	Peru	0.79	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
58	Jamaica	0.78	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
59	Zambia	0.76	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
60	Namibia	0.76	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
61	Montenegro	0.74	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
62	Jordan	0.73	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
63	Barbados	0.73	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
64	Philippines	0.73	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
65	Senegal	0.72	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
66	Maldives	0.72	South Asia	Upper middle income
67	Morocco	0.71	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
68	Fiji	0.71	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
69	Botswana	0.71	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
70	Moldova	0.7	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
71	Tanzania	0.68	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
72	Kosovo	0.68	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
73	Uganda	0.67	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
74	Romania	0.66	Europe & Central Asia	High income
75	Suriname	0.66	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
76	Timor-Leste	0.66	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
77	Ukraine	0.66	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
78	Gambia, The	0.65	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
79	Albania	0.65	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
80	Lesotho	0.65	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
81	Solomon Islands	0.65	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
82	North Macedonia	0.64	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
83	Ecuador	0.63	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
84	Slovak Republic	0.62	Europe & Central Asia	High income
85	Sierra Leone	0.62	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
86	Malta	0.61	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
87	United States	0.61	North America	High income
88	Somalia, Fed. Rep.	0.61	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
89	Sri Lanka	0.6	South Asia	Upper middle income
90	Iraq	0.6	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
91	Greece	0.59	Europe & Central Asia	High income
92	Liberia	0.58	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
93	Georgia	0.58	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
94	Singapore	0.56	East Asia & Pacific	High income
95	Bolivia	0.56	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
96	Lebanon	0.54	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
97	Iran, Islamic Rep.	0.52	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
98	Indonesia	0.52	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
99	Nigeria	0.51	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
100	Armenia	0.51	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
101	Hungary	0.5	Europe & Central Asia	High income
102	Honduras	0.5	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
103	India	0.48	South Asia	Lower middle income
104	Zimbabwe	0.48	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
105	Malaysia	0.47	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
106	Tunisia	0.46	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
107	Libya	0.45	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
108	Madagascar	0.45	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
109	Paraguay	0.45	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
110	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.45	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
111	Pakistan	0.42	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
112	Dominican Republic	0.4	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
113	Viet Nam	0.39	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
114	Eswatini	0.38	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
115	Guinea-Bissau	0.36	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
116	Serbia	0.34	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
117	Guinea	0.34	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
118	Mozambique	0.34	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
119	Mauritania	0.33	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
120	Comoros	0.32	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
121	Oman	0.32	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
122	Kyrgyz Republic	0.31	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
123	Cote d'Ivoire	0.31	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
124	Kazakhstan	0.31	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
125	Congo, Rep.	0.3	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
126	Lao PDR	0.3	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
127	Benin	0.29	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
128	Congo, Dem. Rep.	0.28	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
129	Rwanda	0.27	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
130	Algeria	0.27	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income
131	Niger	0.27	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
132	Mexico	0.27	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
133	Guyana	0.27	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
134	West Bank and Gaza	0.25	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
135	Haiti	0.25	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
136	South Sudan	0.24	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
137	Togo	0.19	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
138	Cameroon	0.19	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
139	Burkina Faso	0.18	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
140	Egypt, Arab Rep.	0.17	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
141	Angola	0.16	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income
142	United Arab Emirates	0.16	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
143	Central African Republic	0.16	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
144	Tajikistan	0.15	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
145	Gabon	0.15	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
146	Equatorial Guinea	0.14	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income
147	Djibouti	0.14	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Lower middle income
148	Turkiye	0.13	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
149	Burundi	0.13	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
150	Chad	0.13	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
151	China	0.12	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income
152	Yemen, Rep.	0.12	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income
153	Bahrain	0.11	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
154	Hong Kong SAR, China	0.11	East Asia & Pacific	High income
155	Ethiopia	0.1	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
156	Mali	0.1	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
157	Cuba	0.1	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
158	Eritrea	0.09	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income
159	Korea, Dem. People's Rep.	0.09	East Asia & Pacific	Low income
160	Uzbekistan	0.08	Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income
161	Russian Federation	0.07	Europe & Central Asia	High income
162	Qatar	0.07	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
163	Turkmenistan	0.06	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
164	Azerbaijan	0.06	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
165	Cambodia	0.05	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income
166	El Salvador	0.05	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income
167	Saudi Arabia	0.05	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	High income
168	Venezuela, RB	0.04	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income
169	Belarus	0.03	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income
170	Nicaragua	0.03	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income

Legislative constraints on the executive index